Compliance.ai

Concepts

Concepts are a collection of terms that uses the advanced search capability in order to quickly keep track of different areas in the regulatory landscape.

These are the concepts currently available on our platform:

Export CSV (last updated 07/27/24)

Concept ID	Meta-Concept	Name	Definition
1	Licensing	Collection Agency	Many states license debt collection agencies to protect the public from abusive practices and to create minimum standards of operation. Licenses are generally required when an agency plans to collect debts from residents of a state. Each state may have different laws and requirements in this regard.
10	Operational	Reporting Requirements	All industries have to comply with national and/or international financial reporting requirements depending upon the reporting regime they come under. This includes not only financial reporting requirements but also tight deadlines to provide reporting to regulatory agencies, debt holders, investors, and other key stakeholders. Timely financial reports provide insight for investors, creditors and other stakeholders to get an idea of the company’s creditworthiness and financial integrity. This helps them make rational decisions on lending or investing in the company.
100	Operational	Risk Management Publications	Documents issued by relevant agencies, entities or organizations to communicate relevant information to the public pertaining to management of operational and financial risk by institutions including but not limited to risk of loss due to errors, breaches, interruptions or damages, credit risk, market risk and liquidity risk.
101	Privacy	Internet Privacy Legislation	Laws and regulations pertaining to the vast range of technologies, protocols and concepts related to giving individual users or other parties more privacy protections in their use of the internet. Internet privacy takes many forms, including mandatory privacy statements on websites, data sharing controls, data transparency initiatives and more.
102	Privacy	Internet Privacy Publications	Documents issued by relevant agencies, entities or organizations to communicate relevant information to the public pertaining to giving individual users or other parties more privacy protections in their use of the internet. It covers the amount of online security available for personal and financial data, communications, and preferences.
103	BSA/AML	Financial Crimes Legislation	Documents with a set of rules and regulations that are indispensable and must be followed pertaining to money laundering, terrorist financing and violations of the Bank Secrecy Act.
104	BSA/AML	Financial Crimes Guideline	Documents published to help explain programs and policies and communicate other important information to regulated entities and the public pertaining to money laundering, terrorist financing and violations of the Bank Secrecy Act.
105	BSA/AML	Financial Crimes Regulation	Documents embodying rules and regulations pertaining to money laundering, terrorist financing and violations of the Bank Secrecy Act.
106	BSA/AML	Financial Crimes Notices	Documents published to notify the public on regulatory updates related to pertaining to money laundering, terrorist financing and violations of the Bank Secrecy Act.
107	BSA/AML	Financial Crimes Research	Document issued by an agency, entity or organization to communicate relevant research findings, discussions, views, reports and policy change suggestions pertaining to money laundering, terrorist financing and violations of the Bank Secrecy Act.
11	Operational	Marketing/Advertising	Legislation and regulations pertaining to advertising, marketing, and telemarketing by insurance companies; Includes Do Not Call programs - state or federal programs permitting individuals to opt out of receiving phone call, emails or faxes under certain circumstances; Restrictions on when companies are permitted to call or contact customers or prospects.
110	FinTech	FinTech News	Documents that comprise of news updates pertaining to the delivery of financial services through technology and innovation in the FinTech industry.
12	Mortgage Lending	Appraisals	Real estate appraisals are used whenever a mortgage is involved in buying, selling or refinancing a property.
13	Insurance	Appraisals	The valuation of property performed by a third party for accessing the coverage amount for protection of assets and also helps insurer compensate the insured the replacement value of assets.
134	BSA/AML	Compliance Legislation	Legislation related to AML and financial crimes.
135	BSA/AML	Compliance Guidance	This concepts filters for documents related to AML, financial crimes, and financial violations
136	BSA/AML	Compliance Regulations	This concept filters for regulations related to AML Compliance.
137	BSA/AML	Compliance Notice	This concept filters for regulatory notices related to AML Compliance.
138	BSA/AML	Compliance Research	This concept filters for research documents related to AML Compliance.
14	Corporate Compliance	Bank Holding Companies	Provides guidance for conducting inspections of bank holding companies and their non-bank subsidiaries to ascertain whether financial strength of the bank holding company is being maintained and to determine effects of transactions between holding company or its non-banking subsidiaries and its subsidiary banks.
143	Corporate Compliance	Transactions Thresholds	This concept filters for documents dealing with transaction threshold regulations.
15	Corporate Compliance	Compliance Management	Compliance management ensures that an organization’s policies and procedures align with a specific set of rules based on legal, regulatory, and industry standards. Effective corporate compliance management covers internal policies and rules and federal and state laws.
151	Credit Card	Credit Card Regulations	This concept filters for credit card regulations.
152	Credit Card	Credit Card Notices	This concepts filters for regulatory notices related to credit cards.
16	Lending	Credit Reporting	Credit reports play a pivotal role in decisions to grant credit - including mortgage loans, auto loans, credit cards, and private student loans including by information contained in credit reports as part of the lending decision. These reports are also used in other spheres of decision-making, including eligibility for rental housing, setting premiums for auto and homeowners insurance etc. As the range and frequency of decisions that rely on credit reports have increased, so has the importance of assuring the accuracy of these reports.
17	Mortgage Lending	Credit Reporting	Credit reports play a pivotal role in decisions to grant credit - including mortgage loans, auto loans, credit cards, and private student loans including by information contained in credit reports as part of the lending decision. These reports are also used in other spheres of decision-making, including eligibility for rental housing, setting premiums for auto and homeowners insurance etc. As the range and frequency of decisions that rely on credit reports have increased, so has the importance of assuring the accuracy of these reports.
173	Insurance	Auto Insurance	All documents related to auto insurance.
174	Insurance	Life Insurance	All documents related to life insurance.
175	Insurance	Health Insurance	All documents related to health insurance.
176	Insurance	Disability Insurance	All documents related to disability insurance.
177	Insurance	Dental Insurance	All documents related to dental insurance.
178	Insurance	General Liability Insurance	All documents related to general liability insurance.
179	Insurance	Tort Settlement	All documents related to settlement of tort claims, from any agency.
18	Credit Card	Credit Reporting	Credit reports play a pivotal role in decisions to grant credit - including mortgage loans, auto loans, credit cards, and private student loans including by information contained in credit reports as part of the lending decision. These reports are also used in other spheres of decision-making, including eligibility for rental housing, setting premiums for auto and homeowners insurance etc. As the range and frequency of decisions that rely on credit reports have increased, so has the importance of assuring the accuracy of these reports.
19	Deposits	Overdrafts	An overdraft occurs when an account lacks the funds to cover a withdrawal, but the bank allows the transaction to go through anyway. The overdraft allows the customer to continue paying bills even when there is insufficient money. Essentially, it's an extension of credit and the account holder pays interest on it and will typically be charged a one-time insufficient funds fee.
196	Tax	Tax	This concepts filters for documents related to taxes and taxation.
197	Employment	Employment	This concept filters for documents related to labor and employment regulations and issues.
2	Licensing	Debt Management	The management of debt is a growing industry. State regulators have responded by expanding debt management licensure requirements or creating new license requirements for debt management companies.
20	Lending	Disaster Recovery	Disaster recovery is a subset of business continuity. It involves a set of policies, tools and procedures to enable the recovery or continuation of vital technology infrastructure and systems following a natural or human-induced disaster. An effective disaster recovery plan for a financial institution needs to ensure not only business continuity but also the protection of sensitive data.
21	Mortgage Lending	Disaster Recovery	Disaster recovery is a subset of business continuity. It involves a set of policies, tools and procedures to enable the recovery or continuation of vital technology infrastructure and systems following a natural or human-induced disaster. An effective disaster recovery plan for a financial institution needs to ensure not only business continuity but also the protection of sensitive data.
22	Operational	Employment/HR	Documents relating to rules, regulations, guidelines, agency updates, news updates in relation to human resources.
23	Corporate Compliance	Fair Banking	Laws and regulations pertaining to the prohibition of discrimination in credit transactions and fair access to banking.
25	FinTech	FinTech	The synergy between finance and technology that aims to compete with traditional financial methods in the delivery of financial services. FinTech is an emerging industry that uses technology to improve activities in finance.
26	Operational	Risk	Includes the risk of loss resulting from loss due to errors, breaches, interruptions or damages, either intentional or accidental, caused by people, internal processes, systems or external events. Financial risk includes credit risk, market risk and liquidity risk.
27	Trusts	Vulnerable Person Abuse	It includes illegal or improper use of a vulnerable person's money, property, or other resources for monetary or personal benefit, profit or gain.This includes, but is not limited to, theft, misappropriation, concealment, misuse or fraudulent deprivation of money or property belonging to the elderly or adult with a disability including but not limited to incapacity, mental illness, mental deficiency, physical illness or disability, advanced age, chronic use of drugs, chronic intoxication, or confinement is unable to meet their own needs. The financial abuse of older and vulnerable adults can drain estates of assets and prevent beneficiaries under wills and trusts from receiving their inheritance. This includes having money or other property stolen, being defrauded, being put under pressure in relation to money or other property and having money or other property misused.
28	Operational	Vulnerable Person Abuse	It includes illegal or improper use of a vulnerable person's money, property, or other resources for monetary or personal benefit, profit or gain. This includes, but is not limited to, theft, misappropriation, concealment, misuse or fraudulent deprivation of money or property belonging to the elderly or adult with a disability including but not limited to incapacity, mental illness, mental deficiency, physical illness or disability, advanced age, chronic use of drugs, chronic intoxication, or confinement is unable to meet their own needs. The financial abuse of older and vulnerable adults can drain estates of assets and prevent beneficiaries under wills and trusts from receiving their inheritance. This includes having money or other property stolen, being defrauded, being put under pressure in relation to money or other property and having money or other property misused.
3	Licensing	Insurance	Each state sets its own requirement for lines of authority, different types of insurance you might sell as an agent. Insurance law in different states might classify life insurance, accident and health insurance, property insurance and casualty insurance as separate lines of authority. Insurance licenses for each line are separate, unless the state allows to bundle some of them together.
32	Securities	Insiders	Insider is a term describing a director or senior officer of a publicly traded company, as well as any person or entity, that beneficially owns more than 10% of a company's voting shares.
33	Corporate Compliance	Escrow	The law requires most creditors to maintain an escrow account for higher-priced mortgage loans. Usually, State law determines the required escrow documentation and law, but if Federally regulated financial institutions are involved, Federal law can apply and also as to transactions involving interstate commerce.
34	Insurance	Flood Insurance	Legislation and regulation pertaining to flood insurance, including Write Your Own (WYO) program; notices to policyholders regarding availability of flood coverage, settlement guidelines or practices.
35	Lending	Flood Insurance	Flood insurance is often required by mortgage lenders when properties are located in federally designated high-risk flood zones or floodplains. Flood insurance is a separate policy from homeowners insurance, which doesn't typically cover damage or destruction by floods.
36	Corporate Compliance	Annual Thresholds	Annual Threshold means the actual annual aggregate requirements of a company, as reflected by the company’s records of the number of product units ordered from vendors, or manufactured by the company itself, during the calendar year.
37	Mortgage Lending	Disclosure	Lenders must provide a Truth in Lending disclosure statement that includes information about the amount of loan, the annual percentage rate, finance charges (including application fees, late charges, prepayment penalties), a payment schedule and the total repayment amount over the lifetime of the loan.
38	Mortgage Lending	Licensing	Refers to license required by an entity making a mortgage loan for compensation or gain, directly or indirectly, or selling or offering to sell a mortgage loan to a non-institutional investor.
39	Mortgage Lending	Advertising	This includes regulation of information and commercial communications in the mortgage industry relating to mortgage credit products shared by lenders, realtors, licensees, and contractors such as information about rates, programs, terms, financing etc.
390	Insurance	Corporate Governance	Legislation and regulations pertaining to the operation of a large insurer; Includes bylaws, Board of Directors, fiduciary duties and responsibilities, data retention, licensing of corporate entities, and licensing of agencies.
391	Insurance	COVID-19	Legislation and regulations pertaining to Property and Casualty Insurance rules in relation to COVID-19/Coronavirus.
392	Insurance	Group Insurance	Legislation and regulation pertaining to ability of individuals to get together for the purpose of buying insurance based on a shared attribute.
393	Insurance	Liens/Medicaid	Legislation and regulations pertaining to liens and recovery costs when any public or private benefits are collected by the lienholder or person in debt.
394	Insurance	Outsourcing	Legislation and regulations pertaining to the use and oversight of affiliate service providers and third-party vendors/contractors by insurance companies. This includes standards for contract provisions, business continuity/contingency planning, ongoing monitoring, and reporting.
395	Insurance	Producer Issues	Insurance producers are licensed to sell and negotiate life, health, property, or other types of insurance offered by an insurance company. This includes documents pertaining to producer and adjuster compensation, licensing, and appointments such as requirements for producers/adjusters to inform or disclose to clients the amount of commissions or other compensation paid to the agent as well as anything related to licensing requirements for non-resident or resident producers/adjusters; fingerprinting or education requirements; agent license fees, etc.
396	Insurance	Reciprocal Insurers	Reciprocal insurance exchanges are a form of insurance organization in which individuals and businesses exchange insurance contracts and spread the risks associated with those contracts among themselves. Policyholders of a reciprocal insurance exchange are referred to as subscribers. This is a means of protecting each other against losses of specified kinds.
397	Insurance	Reinsurance	Reinsurance is insurance that is purchased by an insurance company from another insurance company (reinsurer) as a means of risk management. The reinsurer and the insurer enter into a reinsurance agreement which details the conditions upon which the reinsurer would pay the insurer's losses.
398	Insurance	Residual Market	These are insurance market systems for various lines of coverage that serve as a coverage source of last resort for firms and individuals who have been rejected by voluntary market insurers. Includes documents pertaining to assigned risk plans, reinsurance facilities, FAIR plans, wind pools, catastrophe funds, reinsurance facilities etc.
399	Insurance	Litigation Issues	Legislation and regulations pertaining to civil procedure, litigation process rules and procedures and litigation funding i.e., regulation of companies that provide cash to plaintiffs in exchange for repayment with interest from the proceeds of a lawsuit. This also includes action for Tort Wrongful Death.
4	Insurance	Insurance	Insurance is a contract, represented by a policy, in which an individual or entity receives financial protection or reimbursement against losses from an insurance company.
40	Mortgage Lending	Mortgage Assistance and Relief	The Federal Trade Commission (FTC), has issued a Rule to curb unfair and deceptive practices associated with mortgage assistance relief services. The Rule makes it illegal to charge upfront fees and requires specific disclosures in ads and recordkeeping requirements on companies and individuals.
400	Insurance	Unclaimed Property	Tangible or intangible property that has remained unclaimed by its owner for an extended period of time/such property inures to the benefit of the state in which the owner was last known to resident.
41	Mortgage Lending	Foreclosure	Foreclosure is a legal process by which a lender attempts to recover the amount owed on a defaulted loan by taking ownership of the mortgaged property and selling it. It usually occurs when a homeowner is no longer able to make mortgage payments as required or when the borrower fails to meet other terms in the mortgage document.
42	Mortgage Lending	Mortgage Broker Registration	In order to operate a mortgage brokerage business, the mortgage broker must be licensed. The licensing and registration requirements differ from state to state. Includes rules, procedures and licensing requirements in different states.
43	Mortgage Lending	Mortgage Insurance	An insurance policy which protects a lender or titleholder by compensating lenders or investors in mortgage-backed securities for losses due to the default of a mortgage loan including if the borrower defaults on payments, passes away, or is otherwise unable to meet the contractual obligations of the mortgage.
44	Privacy	Data Security	Involves handling and protection of the sensitive personal information provided by customers in the course of everyday transactions. Data Security protects data from compromise by external attackers and malicious insiders.
45	Privacy	Disclosure	Financial institutions must notify their customers about their information-sharing practices and tell consumers of their right to "opt-out" if they don't want their information shared with certain nonaffiliated third parties. In addition, any entity that receives consumer financial information from a financial institution may be restricted in its reuse and redisclosure of such information.
46	Privacy	Privacy Notice	A privacy notice is a public document from an organization that explains how that organization collects, processes, retains and discloses personal information and how it applies data protection principles.
47	BSA/AML	Privacy Suspicious Activity Report (SAR)	National banks are required to file a Suspicious Activity Report (SAR) when they detect a known or suspected violation of Federal law or a suspicious transaction related to a money laundering activity or a violation of the Bank Secrecy Act. The bank is required to file a SAR with the appropriate Federal law enforcement agencies and the Department of the Treasury on the form prescribed by the OCC and in accordance with the form's instructions. The bank shall also send the completed SAR to FinCEN in certain circumstances.
48	BSA/AML	Data Security	The increased emphasis on information sharing is accompanied by provisions requiring confidentiality and data security protocols. It is important for BSA/AML officers to develop effective plans for addressing and reporting on potentially adverse cyber-events. This includes appropriate frameworks for information sharing among financial institutions, their agents and service providers, their regulatory authorities, and law enforcement authorities.
49	BSA/AML	Information Sharing	Laws and regulations established for procedures of information sharing between law enforcement and financial institutions to deter money laundering and terrorist activity under requirements of BSA and USA Patriot Act.
5	Licensing	Insurance Broker	Insurance brokers are licensed insurance professionals representing consumers in their search for the best policy for their needs
50	BSA/AML	Customer Due Diligence	Customer Due Diligence enables the bank to understand the nature and purpose of customer relationships, which include understanding the types of transactions in which a customer is likely to engage. These processes assist the bank in determining when transactions are potentially suspicious.
51	BSA/AML	OFAC	It is a department of the U.S. Treasury that is charged with enforcing economic and trade sanctions imposed by the U.S. against countries and groups of individuals. Sanctions have been imposed on those involved in foreign aggression, terrorist activities, and narcotics sales, among other acts.
59	COVID-19	Eviction	In light of COVID-19, eviction rules have been modified in the United States to help prevent the spread of coronavirus.
591	Insurance - Rating	Policy Fees	Legislation and regulations relating to determination of the fee charged along with the first premium to offset initial costs.
6	Insurance	Insurance Broker	An insurance broker is a professional who represents consumers in their search for the best policy for their needs. Brokers work closely with their clients to research the client's needs.
60	COVID-19	Appraisal	In light of COVID-19, financial institutions have had difficulties obtaining appraisals for real estate, extensions of credit or changes to existing note terms. Governments have swiftly responded with an array of measures to alleviate the negative consequences of the crisis for tenants, borrowers, builders and lenders.
61	COVID-19	Forbearance	Forbearance is when the mortgage servicer or lender allows to temporarily pay the mortgage at a lower payment or pause mortgage payment. Due to the coronavirus pandemic, many homeowners are struggling to make mortgage payments as a result of which majority of homeowners are eligible for forbearance for a coronavirus-related financial hardship.
62	COVID-19	Foreclosure	In light of COVID-19, regulations have been passed making it mandatory for loan servicers to enhance their efforts to help homeowners affected by the pandemic. These rules ensure that borrowers get a chance to pursue loss mitigation options to avoid foreclosure and allows servicers to offer assistance to borrowers faster. A few states have passed new foreclosure laws to help homeowners avoid foreclosure.
63	Trusts	Revocable/Irrevocable Trusts	Trusts are revocable by default unless expressly stated otherwise. Generally, an irrevocable trust cannot be modified or revoked by the settlor after its creation. A revocable trust becomes irrevocable upon the death or incapacity of the settlor.
64	BSA/AML	Money Laundering Notices	Documents published by relevant agencies to notify and inform member firms of the AML requirements and priorities set under law, and to guide member firms to consider how to incorporate the AML requirements into their risk-based anti-money laundering (AML) compliance programs.
65	BSA/AML	Money Laundering Regulations	Laws and regulations under the USA PATRIOT Act and other regulations, wherein broker-dealers must establish a compliance program, including policies and procedures to detect and report suspicious activities to the government, as well as ensure compliance with the new laws. Firms must also implement specialized employee training programs, designate a special compliance officer and conduct independent audits of the effectiveness of the compliance program.
666	Asset Management	ESG	This concept finds documents related to Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance issues.
667	BSA/AML	General AML	This concept filters for documents related to Anti-Money Laundering broadly.
668	Asset Management	ESG - Governance	This concept filters for documents that relate to Governance issues within the ESG space.
669	Asset Management	ESG - Environmental	This concept filters for documents that relate to Environmental issues within the ESG space.
670	Asset Management	ESG - Social	This concept filters for documents related to social issues within the ESG space.
671	BSA/AML	AML - Sanctions	This concept filters for documents related to financial sanctions, import and export controls, and money laundering.
672	Corporate Compliance	Self-dealing	This concept finds documents related to self-dealing, related parties, and covered persons.
673	Corporate Compliance	Regulatory Compliance Management	This concept filters for documents broadly related to RCM.
674	Operational	Business Continuity	Business continuity is the ability of an organization to continue the delivery of critical products or services at pre-defined acceptable levels following a disruptive incident or crisis.
675	Corporate Compliance	Cryptocurrencies	A digital currency in which transactions are verified and records maintained by a decentralized system using cryptography, rather than by a centralized authority.
676	BSA/AML	Financial Crime	Financial crime is any activity that involves fraudulent or dishonest behavior for the purposes of personal financial gain, although it may also include the illegal conversion of property ownership.
677	Insurance	Guaranty Association Notices	Notices issued by guaranty associations. A guaranty association is an entity which steps into the shoes of the failed insurer for the purpose of providing certain continued benefits and/or resolution of covered claims.
678	Securities	Broker-Dealer	A broker-dealer is a person or firm in the business of buying and selling securities for its own account or on behalf of its customers.
679	Corporate Compliance	Anti-Harassment	An anti-harassment policy aims to address and prevent antagonistic situations that violate the dignity of employees.
68	BSA/AML	Overdraft Regulation	Includes laws and regulations pertaining to overdraft services provided by financial institutions as well as detecting suspicious activity for deposit accounts with a high volume of activity, which carry low balances, or are frequently overdrawn, may be indicative of money laundering or check kiting.
680	Corporate Compliance	Technology Governance	Technology governance is the process of exercising political, economic and administrative authority in the development, diffusion and operation of technology in organizations.
681	Operational	Electronic Signature	An Electronic signature is an electronic symbol, usually the person’s name, that is attached to a form or contract and demonstrates consent. They are legally binding for all transactions they are used in.
682	Corporate Compliance	Stress Testing	Stress tests can use historical, hypothetical, or simulated scenarios. Regulations require banks to carry out various stress-test scenarios and report on their internal procedures for managing capital and risk.
683	Corporate Compliance	Electronic Banking	Electronic banking is a form of banking in which funds are transferred through an exchange of electronic signals rather than through an exchange of cash, checks, or other types of paper documents.
684	BSA/AML	Financial Sanctions	Financial sanctions prevent a firm from carrying out transactions and/or financial services with a person or organisation (known as ‘the target’). They exist for a variety of political, military, social, and economic reasons and work by preventing, pressuring, or restricting targets in an effort to curtail their activities.
685	BSA/AML	Beneficial Ownership	Beneficial Ownership is a requirement from the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), under the Bank Secrecy Act, which mandates all covered financial institutions collect and verify from certain non-exempt legal entities specific information about the beneficial owners of the entity at the time a new account is opened.
686	Corporate Compliance	Liquidity Requirements	Liquidity regulations are financial regulations designed to ensure that financial institutions (e.g. banks) have the necessary assets on hand in order to prevent liquidity disruptions due to changing market conditions.
687	Corporate Compliance	Capital Requirements	A capital requirement (also known as regulatory capital, capital adequacy or capital base) is the amount of capital a bank or other financial institution has to have as required by its financial regulator.
688	Lending	Auto Loans	An auto loan allows an individual to borrow money from a lender and use that money to purchase a car.
689	Investment Advisor	Municipal Advisor	Municipal advisors provide advice to or on behalf of a municipal entity or obligated person with respect to municipal financial products or the issuance of municipal securities. This includes financial advisors, guaranteed investment contract brokers, third-party marketers, placement agents, solicitors, finders, and swap advisors that engage in municipal advisory activities.
69	Corporate Compliance	Exemptions and Regulations	Includes rules, regulations and policy updates for certain temporary relaxations towards corporate compliance requirements.
690	Investment Advisor	Registered Investment Advisor	A Registered Investment Advisor (RIA) is an individual financial advisor or a company that provides its clients with financial advice.
691	Investment Advisor	Municipal Underwriting	Municipal underwriting is the process of raising funds for a municipality by creating a new security to be sold to investors.
692	Investment Advisor	Corporate Underwriting	Corporate underwriting is the process of raising funds for a corporations by creating a new security to be sold to investors.
693	Investment Advisor	Investment Management	Investment managers help clients reach their investment goals by managing their money.
694	Investment Advisor	Investment Advisor	An investment advisor is a firm or person that engages in the business of providing investment advice to others about the value of or about investing in securities, stocks, bonds, mutual funds, among others.
695	Trusts	Corporate Trust	Corporate Trust covers the business activities of banks that act in a fiduciary capacity for investors in a particular security.
696	Insurance	Health Savings Account	A type of savings account that lets you set aside money on a pre-tax basis to pay for qualified medical expenses.
697	Asset Management	Consumer Protection	Consumer protection in the asset management industry.
698	Asset Management	Asset management	Asset management is the practice of increasing total wealth over time by acquiring, maintaining, and trading investments that have the potential to grow in value.
699	Asset Management	Artificial Intelligence	The use of artificial intelligence in the asset management industry is a growing practice that is increasingly being regulated and supervised.
70	COVID-19	Eviction Notice	Documents published to notify the public on regulatory updates related to modified eviction rules in the United States during the coronavirus pandemic.
700	Asset Management	Defined Contribution Pensions	A defined contribution pension is a retirement plan that's typically tax-deferred, in which employees contribute a fixed amount or a percentage of their paychecks to an account that is intended to fund their retirements.
701	Asset Management	Alternative Investment Fund Managers	An Alternative Investment Fund Manager (AIFM) is any legal person whose regular business is managing one or more alternative investment funds (AIFs).
702	Asset Management	Alternative Investment Funds	Alternative Investment Funds or AIF are privately pooled investments vehicles which collect financial assets that does not fall into one of the conventional investment categories.
703	Asset Management	Digital Assets	A digital asset is generally anything that is created and stored digitally, is identifiable and discoverable, and has or provides value.
704	Asset Management	Climate Risk	Climate-related risks relate to the physical impacts of climate change and risks related to the transition to a lower-carbon economy.
705	Asset Management	Bonds	A bond is a fixed-income instrument that represents a loan made by an investor to a borrower (typically corporate or governmental).
706	Asset Management	Alternative Trading Systems	Alternative trading systems (ATS) are venues for matching large buy and sell transactions. They are not as highly regulated as exchanges. Examples of ATS include dark pools and ECNs.
707	Asset Management	Cross-border Marketing	Cross-border marketing regulations become increasing present in international markets.
708	Asset Management	Market Risk	Market risk is the risk of losses on financial investments caused by adverse price movements.
709	Asset Management	Exchange-Traded Funds	An exchange-traded fund (ETF) is a type of pooled investment security that operates much like a mutual fund.
71	COVID-19	Eviction Regulations	Documents embodying rules pertaining to the regulation of eviction rules in the United States during the coronavirus pandemic.
710	Asset Management	Market Integrity	Market integrity is a cornerstone of fair and efficient markets, ensuring that participants enjoy equal access to markets, that price discovery and trading practices are fair, and that high standards of corporate governance are met.
711	Asset Management	Greenwashing	Dishonest practices used by businesses to represent themselves as more sustainable either by giving a false impression or providing misleading information as to the sustainability of a product/service.
712	Asset Management	Market Infrastructure	A Market Infrastructure is a system administered by a public organisation or other public instrumentality, or a private and regulated association or entity, that provides services to the financial industry for trading, clearing and settlement, matching of financial transactions, and depository functions.
713	Asset Management	Money Market Funds	A money market fund is a kind of mutual fund that invests in highly liquid, near-term instruments. These instruments include cash, cash equivalent securities, and high-credit-rating, debt-based securities with a short-term maturity.
714	Asset Management	Market Abuse	Market abuse refers to the practice of misusing information in order to disadvantage financial market investors or to gain an unfair advantage as an investor.
715	Asset Management	Market Manipulation	Market manipulation is when someone artificially affects the supply or demand for a security (for example, causing stock prices to rise or to fall dramatically).
716	Asset Management	Marketing	Marketing Asset Management refers to a set of techniques and actions implemented to optimize the way assets related to marketing are managed.
717	Asset Management	Individual Accountability and Conduct	Regulations on individual accountability and conduct.
718	Asset Management	PRIIPs	Packaged Retail and Insurance-based Investment Products
719	Asset Management	Municipal Securities	Municipal securities fall into two categories: 1) municipal bonds issued by states, cities, counties and other governmental entities to raise money to build roads, schools and a host of other projects for the public good; and 2) municipal fund securities.
720	Asset Management	Securitization	Securitization is the pooling of assets in order to repackage them into interest-bearing securities. The investors that purchase the repackaged securities receive the principal and interest payments of the original assets.
721	Asset Management	Private Funds	A private fund is an entity created to pool money from multiple investors that is not required to be registered or regulated as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
722	Asset Management	Inducements	This refers to the money or other non monetary benefits investment firms receives from another company when providing an investment service in relation to a particular financial instrument to their customers.
723	Asset Management	Benchmarks	Covers benchmarks referenced in financial instruments traded on trading venues, benchmarks referenced in mortgage and consumer credit contracts, and benchmarks measuring of the performance of an investment fund.
724	Asset Management	Unit-Linked	A unit‑linked fund, also referred to as an insured fund, is a fund that is linked to a plan issued by an insurance company which allows you to combine your money along with other planholders.
725	Asset Management	ESG - Taxonomy	The aim of the taxonomy is to prevent greenwashing and to help investors make greener choices. Investments are judged by six objectives: climate change mitigation, climate change adaptation, the circular economy, pollution, effect on water, and biodiversity.
726	Asset Management	Transition Risk	Transition risks are business-related risks that follow societal and economic shifts toward a low-carbon and more climate-friendly future. These risks can include policy and regulatory risks, technological risks, market risks, reputational risks, and legal risks.
727	Asset Management	Sustainability Disclosure Requirements	A firm must disclose details of the extent to which the sustainability objective has, or may have, impacted the financial return of the product. A firm must disclose details of the plausible, purposeful, and credible link between the product's sustainability objective's and environmental and/or social outcomes.
728	Operational	Information Barriers	Information barriers refer to the separation between different departments, individuals, or information systems within an organization. An information barrier is essentially designed to block the exchange of confidential information and prevent data breaches.
729	Corporate Banking	Trade Finance	Tools, techniques, and instruments that facilitate trade and protect both buyers and sellers from trade-related risks.
730	Corporate Banking	Debt Capital Markets	Offers capital raising services in the form of corporate bonds and government bonds on behalf of their clients. The clients served by the debt capital markets group are typically corporations and governmental entities.
731	Corporate Banking	Foreign Exchange Swap	A foreign exchange swap (also known as an FX swap) is an agreement to simultaneously borrow one currency and lend another at an initial date, then exchanging the amounts at maturity.
732	Corporate Banking	Outright Forex Forward	An outright forward, or currency forward, is a currency contract that locks in the exchange rate and a delivery date beyond the spot value date.
733	Corporate Banking	Account Services	Services banks offer to their large corporate clients, usually publicly traded companies, on their day-to-day business.
734	Corporate Banking	Multi-currency Remittance	The remittance or transfer of money in more than one currency.
735	Corporate Banking	Interest Rate Swap	An interest rate swap is a contractual arrangement be- tween two parties, often referred to as “counterparties”.
736	Corporate Banking	Foreign Exchange Spot	A foreign exchange spot transaction, also known as FX spot, is an agreement between two parties to buy one currency against selling another currency at an agreed price for settlement on the spot date.
737	Securities	Climate & Sustainability	Securities exchange markets are uniquely positioned to advance climate resiliency in their markets through a series of tools, regulatory incentives, and best practices.
738	Securities	Derivatives	A derivative security is a financial instrument whose value depends upon the value of another asset. The main types of derivatives are futures, forwards, options, and swaps. An example of a derivative security is a convertible bond.
739	Securities	Asset-backed securities	Asset-backed securities finance pools of familiar asset types, such as auto loans, aircraft leases, credit card receivables, mortgages, and business loans. In one way or another, these asset types represent contractual obligations to pay.
74	BSA/AML	General ABAC	ABAC commonly stands for "Anti-Bribery and Anti-Corruption." It refers to measures, policies, and practices aimed at preventing and combatting bribery and corruption in various contexts, including business, government, and international transactions. These efforts typically involve implementing robust compliance programs, enforcing ethical standards, and promoting transparency and accountability to mitigate the risks associated with bribery and corruption.
740	Securities	Equity Securities	An equity security is a financial instrument that represents an ownership share in a corporation.
741	Securities	Debt Securities	Debt securities are financial instruments that represent a creditor relationship between an investor and an issuer, where the issuer is borrowing money from the investor and agreeing to pay back the principal amount of the loan with interest over a specified period of time.
742	Broker/Dealer	Duties of Care	Broker-dealer duties of care refer to the legal and ethical obligations that broker-dealers have to act in the best interests of their clients, make suitable recommendations, provide adequate disclosure and due diligence, and avoid conflicts of interest.
743	Broker/Dealer	Suitability obligations	Broker-Dealers are required to use reasonable diligence to seek to obtain and analyze the customer-specific factors.
744	Broker/Dealer	Reporting requirements	Broker-Dealers are required to file periodic reports depending on their jurisdiction.
745	Deposits	Deposits - General	Funds that customers place into a bank account, such as a savings or checking account, which the bank holds and may use for lending or investment purposes.
746	Deposits	Deposit Insurance	Regulations may require banks to participate in deposit insurance programs to protect their customers' deposits in case of bank failure.
747	Deposits	Interest rates	Regulations may limit the amount of interest banks can offer on deposits or require banks to disclose interest rates to customers in a specific way.
748	Deposits	Minimum Balance Requirements	Regulations may specify minimum balance requirements for certain types of deposit accounts, such as savings accounts or checking accounts.
749	Deposits	Fees and charges	Regulations may require banks to disclose fees and charges associated with deposit accounts, such as maintenance fees, transaction fees, or overdraft fees.
750	Employment	Minimum wage	Regulations on the minimum amount of remuneration that an employer is required to pay wage earners for the work performed.
751	Employment	Workers' Compensation	Workers’ compensation is insurance that provides cash benefits and/or medical care for workers who are injured or become ill as a direct result of their job.
752	Employment	Equal pay	Equal pay regulations require that men and women in the same workplace be given equal pay for equal work.
753	Employment	Anti-discrimination	It is illegal for an employer to discriminate against a job applicant because of his or her race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability or genetic information.
754	Employment	Workplace Health and Safety	Employers are required to comply with a vast array of health and safety regulations.
755	Employment	Employee privacy	An employee privacy policy is documentation specifying an organization's rules and procedures for gathering, using and disclosing the personal information of former, current or prospective employees.
756	Operational	Regulatory Reporting - Banks and Financial Institutions	Banks and financial institutions are required to submit regulatory reports to regulatory bodies, such as central banks and financial supervisory authorities. These reports include financial statements, capital adequacy reports, liquidity reports, risk management reports, and anti-money laundering reports.
757	Operational	Regulatory Reporting - Investment Funds	Investment funds, including mutual funds, hedge funds, and private equity funds, are subject to regulatory reporting requirements. These reports may include information about the fund's assets under management, investment strategies, performance, and investor disclosures.
758	Operational	Regulatory Reporting - Insurance	Insurance companies are typically required to submit regulatory reports to insurance regulatory authorities. These reports cover areas such as solvency, reserves, underwriting practices, claims handling, and financial statements.
759	Operational	Regulatory Reporting - Stock Exchanges	Stock exchanges have reporting obligations to regulatory authorities to ensure fair and orderly trading. They must report information such as trade data, market surveillance activities, and compliance with listing rules.
76	FinTech	Agency Updates	Documents published by relevant agencies to notify all persons and entities on matters that concern the regulation and administration of the FinTech industry.
760	Operational	Regulatory Reporting - Broker-Dealers	Brokerage firms and securities dealers must comply with regulatory reporting requirements related to their trading activities, customer accounts, trade execution, and financial condition. These reports are submitted to securities regulators or exchanges.
761	Operational	Regulatory Reporting - Derivatives	Participants in derivatives markets, including futures, options, and swaps, often have reporting obligations. They must report details of their trades, positions, and risk exposures to regulatory bodies and trade repositories.
762	Operational	Regulatory Reporting - Money Service Businesses	Money service businesses, such as money transmitters, currency exchange providers, and payment processors, are subject to regulatory reporting requirements related to anti-money laundering (AML) and counter-terrorism financing (CTF). They must report suspicious transactions and adhere to know-your-customer (KYC) guidelines.
763	Corporate Compliance	Intellectual Property	The legal protection and management of intangible assets, such as patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets, to ensure their rightful ownership, use, and safeguarding within the organization's operations.
764	Corporate Compliance	Customs, Trade Controls & Sanctions	The regulatory frameworks and policies that govern the movement of goods across international borders, ensuring compliance with import/export regulations and trade agreements. It also includes sanctions imposed by governments to restrict trade with certain individuals, entities, or countries for political, security, or economic reasons.
765	Corporate Compliance	Tax Evasion	The illegal act of intentionally manipulating financial information or engaging in deceptive practices to evade paying taxes owed to governmental authorities.
766	Corporate Compliance	Modern Slavery	The efforts of organizations to prevent and address any forms of forced labor, human trafficking, or exploitative practices within their operations and supply chains in line with ethical and legal standards.
767	Corporate Compliance	Third Party Compliance	The oversight and management of the ethical and regulatory adherence of external parties, such as suppliers, distributors, and business partners, who interact with or represent the organization.
768	Corporate Compliance	Antitrust & Competition	Adherence to laws that promote fair and competitive market environments by preventing monopolistic practices, collusion, and anti-competitive behavior within industries.
769	Corporate Compliance	Conflict of Interest	A situation where an individual's personal interests, relationships, or activities could potentially compromise their impartiality or objectivity in making business decisions that affect the organization.
77	FinTech	Regulations	FinTech is regulated both at federal and state level. FinTech offerings are subject to extensive product-level regulation by the federal government and individual states. FinTech entities are also subject to licensing and charteringregimes at the federal level and on a state-to-state basis which collectively determine how firms are supervised by regulatory authorities. Certain key regulations applicable to the FinTech industry include but are not limited to BSA/AML reforms, state credit and money transmitter laws, cryptocurrency regulations formulated by the SEC, CFTC and FinCEN.
770	Corporate Compliance	Carbon and ESG	Carbon and ESG pertain to both the element carbon's role in emissions and climate impact, as well as the broader evaluation of a company's environmental, social, and governance practices for sustainability and responsible business operations.
771	Lending	Green Lending	Financial activity that is focused on supporting environmentally sustainable projects and initiatives
772	Operational	Regulatory Reporting - Fintech	Certain fintech companies, such as peer-to-peer lending platforms and digital payment providers, may have reporting obligations to regulatory authorities. These reports may cover areas such as consumer protection, risk management, and transaction monitoring.
773	Operational	Regulatory Reporting - Credit Rating Agencies	Credit rating agencies are required to provide regulatory reports on their rating methodologies, procedures, and conflicts of interest to ensure transparency and maintain the integrity of the rating process.
774	Operational	Regulatory Reporting - Crowdfunding	Crowdfunding platforms that facilitate the raising of funds from the public may have regulatory reporting obligations. These may include reporting on the offerings, investor information, and compliance with securities laws.
775	Lending	Blue Lending	Financial activity that focuses on supporting sustainable and environmentally responsible projects and initiatives related to marine and aquatic environments.
776	Corporate Compliance	Remote Work	The regulation of remote work involves the establishment and enforcement of legal frameworks and policies governing the conditions, rights, and responsibilities of employees and employers engaged in telecommuting or working from locations outside the traditional office setting. This encompasses considerations such as labor laws, data security, and occupational health and safety standards to ensure a structured and compliant approach to remote work practices.
777	Credit Card	Credit Card Servicing	Credit card servicing involves the comprehensive management and administration of credit card accounts, encompassing tasks such as processing transactions, handling customer inquiries, managing credit limits, and ensuring regulatory compliance.
778	Credit Card	Credit Card Licensing	Credit card licensing refers to the formal authorization or approval granted by regulatory authorities or financial institutions for entities to issue and manage credit cards, ensuring compliance with industry standards and regulations.
779	Employment	Earned Wage Access	EWA may be referred to as instant pay, earned income, early wage access, accrued wage access, or on-demand pay. In the UK, the product is referred to by the government as “Employer Salary Advance Scheme.” EWA is a financial service offered to employees (mostly low-wage and hourly workers) where the EWA providers make available to employees through an app some of their accrued wages before the end of their employer’s payroll cycle.
78	FinTech	Notices	Documents issued to notify the public on matters pertaining to the delivery of financial services through technology and innovation in the FinTech industry.
79	FinTech	Data Security	The increased emphasis on information sharing is accompanied by provisions requiring confidentiality and data security protocols. It is important for BSA/AML officers to develop effective plans for addressing and reporting on potentially adverse cyber-events. This includes appropriate frameworks for information sharing among financial institutions, their agents and service providers, their regulatory authorities, and law enforcement authorities.
8	Licensing	Money Service	Includes businesses that transmit or convert money, in one or more of the capacities including but not limited to currency dealers or exchangers, check casher, issuer of traveler's checks, money orders or stored value, seller or redeemer of traveler's checks, money orders or stored value, money transmitter, U.S. Postal Service. It encompass not only banks but also includes non-bank financial institutions.
80	Corporate Compliance	Crypto Coin Regulations	Regulations related to cryptocurrencies.
81	Investment Advisor	Crypto Coin Agency Updates	Documents published by agencies that regulate cryptocurrencies to notify all persons and entities on matters that concern the administration of such cryptocurrencies.
82	Investment Advisor	Crypto Coin Publications	Documents issued to communicate relevant information regarding cryptocurrencies to the public.
9	Licensing	Title Insurance Agent/Agency	A title insurance agent/agency is hired at the beginning of the transaction to conduct a review of the public records to locate any claims against the property, such as tax liens and judgments. The title insurance agent/agency also verifies whether such liens are still active and what needs to be done to clear the liens.
92	Lending	Credit Notices	A written notice from a lender to the borrower relating to an occurrence of an event of default. Consists of documents pertaining to credit reports, proposed rules regarding collection activities, privacy requirements for recording keeping etc.
93	Lending	Credit Regulations	Document relating to rules embodied under federal and state statutes to protect consumers and provide guidelines for the credit industry. The purpose of these regulations is to promote the availability of credit to all creditworthy applicants without regard to race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, or age.
94	Licensing	Insurance Policy	Insurance policy is a contract between the insurer and the policyholder, which determines the claims which the insurer is legally required to pay. In exchange for an initial payment, known as the premium, the insurer promises to pay for loss caused by perils covered under the policy language.
95	Mortgage Lending	Transactions Regulations	Includes credit transactions (loan or credit sale) that is or will be used by the debtor primarily for personal, family, or household purposes and is secured by a mortgage, or other equivalent consensual security interest on a dwelling or residential real estate.
96	Mortgage Lending	Disclosure Regulations	Documents pertaining to rules laid down for lenders to provide a disclosure statement that includes information about the amount of loan, the annual percentage rate, finance charges (including application fees, late charges, prepayment penalties), a payment schedule and the total repayment amount over the lifetime of the loan.
97	Mortgage Lending	Foreclosure Notices	Foreclosure action is initiated by a written public notice issued by the lender. If the mortgagor still unable to bring the loan up to date, the mortgage company may go through with foreclosure proceedings, after which it can sell the property to pay down the balance of the loan.
98	Mortgage Lending	Foreclosure Regulations	Documents issued formulating rules and regulations in relation to foreclosure proceedings upon default of mortgage payments.
99	Operational	Risk Management Legislation	Documents with a set of rules and regulations that are indispensable and must be followed pertaining to management of operational and financial risk by institutions by the process of identifying, assessing and controlling threats to an organization's capital and earnings. These risks stem from a variety of sources including financial uncertainties, legal liabilities, technology issues, strategic management errors, accidents and natural disasters.

Concepts

Asif Alam

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